Acquisition of motor skill after bilateral medial temporal-lobe excision. Knowing where and getting there: a human navigation network. The first experimental demonstration, using fMRI, of a double dissociation in anterior versus posterior human hippocampal responses. Segregating the functions of human hippocampus. Memory, navigation and theta rhythm in the hippocampal-entorhinal system. Place navigation impaired in rats with hippocampal lesions. The Hippocampus as a Cognitive Map (Clarendon, 1978). Memory and the hippocampus: a synthesis from findings with rats, monkeys, and humans. Loss of recent memory after bilateral hippocampal lesions. This model supersedes a simple dissociation of the dorsal from the ventral hippocampus and provides a potential framework for accommodating the multiple functions ascribed to the hippocampus in rodents and primates. When these levels of organization are superimposed, a new model of hippocampal long-axis organization emerges: gradients with discrete domains, the latter dividing the hippocampus into (at least) three portions along the long axis. Hippocampal involvement in unconditioned fear responses is limited to the ventral one-third. Hippocampal intrinsic anatomical connectivity, as well as electrophysiological measures of coherence, show abrupt division from the ventral (anterior) one-third to dorsal (posterior) two-thirds of the hippocampus. The relative size of spatial representation by place cells in the rat hippocampus gradually increases from dorsal to ventral.īy contrast, rodent gene expression studies demonstrate multiple long-axis functional domains with sharply demarcated borders: at least nine in CA3 and three in CA1 and the dentate gyrus. There is evidence for two types of long-axis organization: gradients and discrete transitions.Īnatomical studies in rodents and primates show that hippocampal extrinsic connectivity is organized as smooth topographical gradients. The currently accepted model of a dorsal–ventral (posterior–anterior) dichotomy of hippocampal function requires revision.
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